Rank the following compounds in order of increasing oxidation state – Delving into the concept of oxidation states, this comprehensive guide unravels the intricacies of assigning oxidation states to elements within compounds. By exploring the factors that influence oxidation states and their applications in chemistry, we embark on a journey to understand the fundamental principles that govern the behavior of chemical species.
This discourse commences with an examination of the concept of oxidation states, elucidating the rules that guide their assignment. Through illustrative examples, we delve into the nuances of determining oxidation states for various elements. Subsequently, we embark on a systematic exploration of ranking compounds based on their oxidation states, providing a structured approach to comprehending the relative oxidation states of different species.
Oxidation States: Rank The Following Compounds In Order Of Increasing Oxidation State
In chemistry, the oxidation state of an element refers to the hypothetical charge that an atom of the element would have if all of its bonds to atoms of other elements were ionic bonds.
The oxidation state of an element can be positive, negative, or zero. A positive oxidation state indicates that the element has lost electrons, while a negative oxidation state indicates that the element has gained electrons. A zero oxidation state indicates that the element is in its elemental form.
The oxidation state of an element can be determined by using a set of rules. These rules are based on the electronegativity of the elements involved in the bond and the type of bond that is formed.
Rules for Assigning Oxidation States, Rank the following compounds in order of increasing oxidation state
- The oxidation state of an element in its elemental form is zero.
- The oxidation state of a monatomic ion is equal to the charge of the ion.
- The oxidation state of hydrogen is +1 when it is bonded to a nonmetal and -1 when it is bonded to a metal.
- The oxidation state of oxygen is -2 when it is bonded to a metal and -1 when it is bonded to a nonmetal.
- The oxidation state of a group 1 metal is +1.
- The oxidation state of a group 2 metal is +2.
- The oxidation state of a group 17 element is -1.
- The oxidation state of a group 16 element is -2.
- The sum of the oxidation states of all the atoms in a neutral compound is zero.
- The sum of the oxidation states of all the atoms in a polyatomic ion is equal to the charge of the ion.
Examples of Compounds with Different Oxidation States
| Compound | Oxidation State | Explanation | Additional Information |
|---|---|---|---|
| NaCl | Na: +1, Cl:
|
Sodium is a group 1 metal, so it has an oxidation state of +1. Chlorine is a group 17 element, so it has an oxidation state of
|
Sodium chloride is a white, crystalline solid that is soluble in water. |
| H2O | H: +1, O:
|
Hydrogen is bonded to a nonmetal, so it has an oxidation state of +1. Oxygen is bonded to two hydrogen atoms, so it has an oxidation state of
|
Water is a clear, colorless liquid that is essential for life. |
| Fe2O 3 | Fe: +3, O:
|
Iron is bonded to three oxygen atoms, so it has an oxidation state of +3. Oxygen is bonded to two iron atoms, so it has an oxidation state of
|
Iron(III) oxide is a reddish-brown powder that is used as a pigment and in the production of steel. |
| KMnO4 | K: +1, Mn: +7, O:
|
Potassium is a group 1 metal, so it has an oxidation state of +1. Manganese is bonded to four oxygen atoms, so it has an oxidation state of +7. Oxygen is bonded to two manganese atoms, so it has an oxidation state of
|
Potassium permanganate is a purple, crystalline solid that is used as an oxidizing agent and in the production of disinfectants. |
FAQ Overview
What is the oxidation state of an element?
The oxidation state of an element represents the hypothetical charge that an atom of the element would have if all its bonds to atoms of other elements were completely ionic.
How do you determine the oxidation state of an element?
The oxidation state of an element can be determined using a set of rules that take into account the electronegativity of the atoms involved and the type of bonds formed.
What are the applications of oxidation states in chemistry?
Oxidation states are used in chemistry to predict the chemical properties of compounds, balance redox reactions, and determine the stability of chemical species.
